磷石膏治理重金属废水的研究进展

磷石膏是磷化工行业排放的工业固体废物,其产量大、综合利用率低,导致大量磷石膏露天堆存,生态风险高,资源浪费严重。磷石膏因其独特的理化性质可吸附重金属离子,在环境治理领域具有广阔的应用前景。但未经处理的磷石膏吸附性能较弱,采用高温煅烧、微波诱导、碱化改性和表面改性等方法可显著提高磷石膏对重金属离子的吸附能力,此外,以磷石膏为原料制备的硫酸钙晶须和羟基磷灰石是合适的重金属离子吸附剂。综述了磷石膏资源化利用面临的困难和磷石膏吸附水中重金属离子的研究现状,分析了磷石膏在重金属废水治理领域的应用前景和亟需解决的问题。

Research progress on the treatment of heavy metal wastewater by phosphogypsum

Phosphogypsum is an industrial solid waste discharged by the phosphorus chemical industry, which has a large output and low comprehensive utilization rate. A large number of phosphogypsum was stored in the open, which leads to high ecological risks and serious waste of resources. Heavy metal ions are adsorbed due to the unique physicochemical properties of phosphogypsum, which has broad application prospects in the field of environmental governance. However, the adsorption performance of untreated phosphogypsum is weak, and the adsorption capacity of phosphogypsum on heavy metal ions is significantly improved by high temperature calcination, microwave induction, alkalinization modification and surface modification. In addition, calcium sulfate whiskers and hydroxyapatite prepared from phosphogypsum are suitable heavy metal ion adsorbents. In this paper, the dilemma of phosphorus gypsum resource utilization and the research status of phosphogypsum for adsorption of heavy metal ions in water were mainly reviewed, and the application prospects and urgent problems of phosphorgypsum in the field of treatment of heavy metal wastewater were analyzed.