重庆市某矿山地质环境问题及土地复垦研究

矿山开采对周边的环境造成了严重影响，随着国家对绿色矿山建设的加快推进，矿山地质环境恢复和综合治理已刻不容缓。针对矿业活动引发的地质环境问题，通过矿山地质及地质环境调查，分析了矿山的开采规模、地貌环境特征、环境影响范围、地质灾害引发方式等因素，认为地质环境问题主要表现为矿业活动对地形地貌景观的破坏、引发的地质灾害、对地表土地的占压等。通过强化房柱式采矿、控制矿柱直径和矿房宽度、废渣充填采空区、减少爆破装药量、洒水降尘、废水沉淀等预防保护措施，拆除建构筑物、客土回覆、井口封堵、平土培肥等工程，可修复矿山生态地质环境问题，取到了良好的生态、社会、经济效益。

Study on geological environmental problems and land reclamation of a mine in Chongqing

Mining has caused a serious impact on the surrounding environment.As the country accelerates the construction of green mines,it is urgent to restore and comprehensively harness the geological environment of mines.In view of the geological environment problems caused by mining activities,through the survey of mine geology and geological environment,this paper analyzes the mining scale,geomorphic environmental characteristics,environmental impact scope,geological disaster initiation mode and other factors of the mine,and believes that the geological environment problems are mainly manifested in the destruction of the landform landscape caused by mining activities,the geological disasters caused by mining activities,and the occupation of surface land.Through strengthening the room and pillar mining,controlling the pillar diameter and room width,filling the goaf with waste slag,reducing the explosive charge,spraying water to reduce dust,waste water sedimentation and other preventive and protective measures,demolishing buildings and structures,soil recovery,wellhead plugging,soil leveling and fertilization and other projects,the mine ecological and geological environment problems can be repaired,and good ecological,social and economic benefits can be obtained.