矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理技术

以桐柏县城郊乡方家寨片石厂大理岩矿为例，分析了主要矿山地质环境问题，研究区地质景观严重破坏，易引发崩塌、滑坡等地质灾害；采石均为露天开采，石沫乱放，滥采乱挖，造成了土地压占破坏、植被破坏、景观破坏等资源毁损严重。基于此，提出了矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理技术，矿区划分为采坑治理区，高陡边坡治理区、石沫渣土治理区，采坑治理区主要包括坑底平整、覆土和生物绿化，高陡边坡治理区主要考虑治理总体布局，并结合原始的地形地貌特征，进行整治，布置包括残山开挖与边坡整理、覆土绿化和砌筑挡土墙等，2处石沫渣土堆治理区主要采取清运进行整治，其中西南部渣土堆和南部边坡上的弃土可作为本次治理的覆土土源。研究可以促进生态系统的良性循环，促进当地经济发展与环境协调发展，环境效益潜力巨大。

Mine geological environment protection and restoration technology

Taking Fangjiazhai Wanshichang marble mine in the suburban town of Tongbai County as an example,the main geological environmental problems of the mine were analyzed.The geological landscape of the study area was seriously damaged,which was easy to cause geological disasters such as collapse and landslide.Indiscriminate release,indiscriminate mining and digging had caused serious damage to resources such as land occupation,vegetation damage and landscape damage.Based on this,mine geological environmental protection and restoration and treatment technologies were proposed.The mining area was divided into pit treatment area,high and steep slope treatment area,and stone foam slag treatment area.The pit treatment area mainly included pit bottom leveling,soil covering and biological greening.In the treatment area of high and steep slopes,the overall layout of treatment was mainly considered,and the treatment was carried out in combination with the original topographical features.The layout included excavation of residual hills and slope preparation,soil covering and greening and masonry retaining walls.The soil mound treatment area was mainly cleaned and transported,among which the muck mound in the southwest and the spoil on the southern slope could be used as the covering soil source for this treatment.Research could promote a virtuous circle of ecosystems,promote the coordinated development of local economy and environment,and had huge potential for environmental benefits.