煤矿地质应力测量及应力分布特征研究

应用煤矿小孔径水下裂缝压裂应力测量装置，对产煤大省的多个小煤矿进行了测量，根据地应力测量数据，分析了煤矿地面荷载分布的特点和趋势。通过实例介绍了浅埋煤矿作业中地质应力的测量结果。测量结果表明浅层煤矿井下震荡受多种因素影响，测量数据方差较大，从埋藏深度看，变化规律不明显；地质测量电压电平相对于井下具有绝对优势。最大主应力水平与垂直主应力的关系比在1.0～3.0；最小主应力水平与垂直主应力之比主要为0.5~2.0；平均主应力水平与垂直主应力的关系比主要在1.0~2.5。同时根据地面应力测量数据，设计锚杆固定参数，提高煤炭资源生产率，降低巷道维护成本，同时保证巷道的安全和保护。

Research on geological stress measurement and stress distribution characteristics of underground coal mines

Using a small-aperture underwater crack fracturing stress measurement device for coal mines，several small coal mines in large coal-producing provinces were measured.Based on the ground stress measurement data，the characteristics and trends of coal mine surface load distribution were analyzed.The measurement results of geological stress in shallow coal mine operations were introduced through examples.The measurement results show that the underground shock of shallow coal mines is affected by many factors，and the measurement data has a large variance.From the perspective of the buried depth，the change rule is not obvious；the geological measurement voltage level has an absolute advantage over the underground.The ratio between the maximum principal stress level and the vertical principal stress is between 1.0 and 3.0；the ratio between the minimum principal stress level and the vertical principal stress is mainly 0.5~2.0；the relationship ratio between the average principal stress level and the vertical principal stress is mainly 1.0~2.5.At the same time，according to the ground stress measurement data，the anchor rod fixing parameters are designed to improve the productivity of coal resources，reduce the maintenance cost of the roadway，and ensure the safety and protection of the roadway.