输电线路带电作业人体在临界安全距离作业下的电场研究

为了确保输电线路的安全稳定运行，带电作业已经成为较为广泛的作业方法。带电作业虽然保证了电网的不间断运行，但也增加了作业人员的危险性，展开了带电线路中带电作业人体安全距离作业下的临界电场研究。建立35、110、220 kV等级输电线路带电作业的有限元模型，通过计算研究了临界安全距离下的临界电场。根据计算结果，得到了人体表面在临界安全距离下的电场值随电压等级变化的趋势。分析了人体不同位置的电场差异性，以220 kV电压等级下的电场计算结果为例，其最小值位于左肩部，仅为1.07 kV/m，最大值位于左脚腕处，可达14.71 kV/m，二者相差13.71倍。研究结果表明，在进行带电作业人体电场监测与报警设备研制时，需要考虑报警器穿戴位置进行报警阈值的设定。基于穿戴式近电感知装置结合仿真数据进行了试验验证，验证发现，报警距离误差最大值仅为8.26%，由于偏差的存在，在实际应用中对报警阈值设置10%的裕度较为合理。

Study on electric field of human body working at critical safe distance in live working of transmission line

In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of power transmission lines,live working has become a more extensive work method.Although live working ensures the uninterrupted operation of the power grid,it also increases the risk of operators.The research on the critical electric field under the safe distance of live working human body in live line is carried out.The finite element models of live working on 35,110 and 220 kV transmission lines are established,and the critical electric field under the critical safety distance is studied through calculation.According to the calculation results,the variation trend of the electric field value of the human body surface at the critical safety distance with the voltage level is obtained.The difference of electric field in different positions of the human body is analyzed.Taking the calculation results of electric field at 220 kV voltage level as an example,the minimum value is located at the left shoulder,only 1.07 kV/m,and the maximum value is located at the left ankle,up to 14.71 kV/m,with a difference of 13.71 times.
The research results show that the wearing position of the alarm should be considered when developing the electric field monitoring and alarm equipment for live working.Based on the wearable near electric sensing device and simulation data,the test verification is carried out,and it is found that the maximum error of alarm distance is only 8.26%.Due to the existence of the deviation,it is reasonable to set a 10% margin on the alarm threshold in practical application.