AZ31B镁合金薄板的钨极氩弧焊组织与性能研究

探讨了2 mm厚的AZ31B镁合金钨极交流氩弧焊焊接的工艺特点, 利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、万能拉伸试验机、扫描电子显微镜等手段对焊接接头显微组织、焊缝相组成、接头力学性能、断口形貌特征等进行了分析。结果表明: 焊接电流为50 A时,外观成型良好, 焊缝质量高, 内部几乎无气孔和裂纹等缺陷, 焊接接头的抗拉强度达到210 MPa, 约为母材强度的87%, 断裂发生在焊缝区, 表现为韧-脆混合断裂。 焊缝区组织呈细小的等轴晶, 主要存在α-Mg和Mg₁₇Al₁₂两种相, 热影响区组织较粗大。硬度测试结果显示, 焊缝区域的硬度高于母材。

Microstructure and Properties of Argon Tungsten Arc Welding Joints of AZ31 B Magnesium Alloy Plates

The technical characteristics of argon tungsten arc welding for AZ31B magnesium alloy plates with 2 mm thickness were discussed. The microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties and fracture morphology of welding joints were investigated using metalloscope, X-ray diffractometer, universal tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that, at 50 A welding currents, the welded joint can get good weld formation and high welding quality, with no pore and crack inside. The tensile strength of the welded joint gets to 210 MPa, which is about 87% of the base materials. Fractures occurring in weld zones are ductile-brittle fractures. The microstructure is fine equiaxed grain in welded zone, which mainly consists of α-Mg and Mg₁₇Al₁₂. The microstructure of heat affected zones is coarser. The results of hardness test show that the hardness of the weld zone is higher than the base materials.