湖矿区分布式生态系统运行机理研究

为实现湖矿区煤炭资源开采的同时保护生态环境，构建了湖矿区分布式生态系统的开采模式，并对该系统的运行机理进行了研究。湖矿区生态系统由生物运行系统、生态水处理及利用系统、土地资源生态开发及利用系统、有机肥料加工系统、能源集成利用系统、固废资源生态利用系统等6个子系统构成，这些子系统既有各自功能又相互作用，形成生命周期机理、代谢机理、平衡机理、组合机理、共享机理和协同机理，这些机理作为湖矿区分布式生态系统的理论依据，通过分布式6大子系统之间资源的循环利用，从而实现湖矿区资源的有效开发、生态可持续发展和经济效应提升，可为其他水下煤炭的开采利用和生态建设提供借鉴。

Function Mechanism of Distributed Ecosystems in Lake Mining Area

In order to protect ecological environment during exploitation of coal resources in lake, a mining mode with distributed ecosystem was developed for lake mining area, and the function mechanism of such system was explored. In such mode of lake mining, an ecosystem is composed of six subsystems, including biological function system, ecological water treatment and utilization system, ecosystem development and utilization system for land resources, organic fertilizer processing system, integrated energy utilization system, and ecosystem utilization system for solid waste resources. These subsystems can not only function alone but also interact with each other, thus forming mechanisms for life cycle, metabolism, balance, combination, sharing and cooperation. With these mechanisms as the theoretical basis for the distributed ecosystems in lake mining area, effective exploitation of lake resources, sustainable development of ecological environment, as well as promotion of economic benefit from lake resources mining can be actualized by recycling the resources among those six distributed subsystems. This study can provide reference for underwater coal resources mining while ensuring ecological conservation.