基于萤石溶解/表面转化的含钙矿物表面定向调控浮选技术及机理研究

研究了萤石在白钨矿和方解石表面溶解和转化的可能性, 发现萤石可以在特定的捕收剂体系下作为抑制剂实现含钙矿物的浮选分离。浮选实验结果表明, 萤石作为抑制剂, 在白钨矿和方解石的浮选中, 用量小、作用效果明显; 动电位检测结果证实了萤石能明显降低方解石的动电位, 但对白钨矿基本没有影响; XPS检测结果证明了萤石对方解石的作用主要在于对Ca-O键能的减弱和Ca-F基团的生成, 即在方解石表面生成CaF2膜; AFM检测则可直观观察到方解石表面经过萤石处理之后出现明显的起伏, 印证了离子的侵蚀与CaF₂膜的生成。

Flotation Technique with Directional Regulation for Calcium Minerals Based on Dissolution and Surface Transformation of Fluorite and Its Theory

Based on the study on the possibility of dissolution and transformation of fluorite on the surface of scheelite and calcite, it is found that fluorite can act as the depressant to achieve the flotation separation of calcium-containing minerals in a regulated collector system. The flotation test results show that fluorite as a depressant, only in a small amount, can efficiently enhance the selectivity for scheelite-calcite flotation separation. The zeta potential measurements have testified that fluorite can significantly reduce the zeta potential of calcite, but has almost no effect on scheelite. The XPS analysis shows that the mechanism for fluorite-calcite interaction is mainly the reduction of Ca-O bonding energy and the formation of Ca-F bonding, namely, there is a CaF2 layer formed on calcite. After treated with fluorite, calcite can be directly observed to have an obvious undulating surface based on the measurement of AFM, which has verified the ionic erosion and the formation of CaF₂ layer.