西山煤田生态变化的遥感监测与评价

新时代,生态环境问题越来越受到国家、社会和民众的重视。选取西山煤田矿区为研究对象,通过遥感手段,借助遥感生态指数模型,对生态环境进行动态监测。结果表明:研究区遥感生态指数波动趋势明显,2004年遥感生态指数为0.639,2010年该指数为0.694,增长了0.056,2016年为0.655,2016年相比2010年下降了0.039,总体表现为倒"V"型态势;研究区遥感生态指数主要以良为主,2004年、2010年、2016年依次分别占总面积的63.74%、75.94%、58.77%;不同类型的遥感生态指数重心均发生了偏移,其中A级、B级生态指数的重心偏移量较高,2004～2010年偏移量为37.172km、31.255km,2010～2016年偏移量为15.270km、18.814km;对遥感生态指数的作用强度中,热度的作用最显著,相关度高达0.859,植被的作用次之,相关系数为0.799,干度的作用强度0.707,湿度的作用最小,相关系数为0.596。研究发现,研究区西北区域的主矿区生态好转,东南居住区域生态恶化,生态优质区域在远离人类活动,向北转移,该区域地形相对复杂,人类活动干扰相对较少。

Remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of ecologicalchanges in Xishan Coalfield

Under the new era, the ecological environment problem is more and more emphasized by the State, society and people. By means of remote sensing and ecological index model, the dynamic monitoring of the ecological environment is carried out by selecting Xishan Coalfield as the research object. The results showed that: (1) The trend of remote sensing Ecological Index in the research area was obvious, the remote Sensing Ecology Index was 0.639 in 2004, the index was 0.694 in 2010, 0.655 in 2010, the overall performance was inverted "V" pattern. (2) The Ecological Index of remote sensing in the study area was mainly good, and the 2004, 2010 and 2016 respectively accounted for 63.74%, 75.94% and 58.77% of the total area. (3) The gravity of different types of remote sensing Ecological index has been shifted, in which A-grade and B-level ecological index has a higher center of gravity offset, 2004-2010 offset is 37.172km, 31.255km,2010-2016 year offset is 15.270km, 18.814km. (4) In the effect of the remote sensing Ecological Index, the effect of heat is most significant, the correlation is as high as 0.859, the effect of vegetation is second, the correlation coefficient is 0.799, the action intensity of dry degree is 0.707, the effect of humidity is the smallest, and the correlation coefficient is 0.596. The study found that the ecological improvement of the main mining area in the northwest region of the study area, the ecological deterioration of the southeast residential area, the ecological high region in the far away from human activities, northward transfer, the region mainly due to terrain and other reasons, the human activity interference is relatively small.