大柳塔煤矿开发土壤重金属污染响应研究

陕西大柳塔煤矿区的大柳塔、活鸡兔和哈拉沟矿井,年产原煤超过了3000万t,此外还有众多的地方及个体煤矿。调查研究20年来矿区煤炭资源开发活动对土壤重金属污染的影响,可为脆弱生态环境条件下的大规模煤炭资源开发环境保护提供借鉴经验。通过43件表层土壤样品的采集、分析与评价结果表明,与全国栗钙土背景值比较,除Ni以外,其它元素存在不同程度的累积超标现象,汞是研究区最普遍的累积污染元素,土壤重金属综合累积污染以重度污染为主,占全部污染样本的58.14%。但土壤中Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Cu、Zn、Ni等8种重金属元素含量,均没有超过土壤环境质量二级标准的限值,且土壤综合污染指数小于0.2,属清洁土壤。因此,矿区土壤虽受到了一定程度的累积污染,但低于土壤环境质量二级标准值,尚有较大的环境容量。

Study on soil heavy metals pollution in daliuta coal mine area

The coal output per year in Daliuta, Hugitu and Halagou coal mines exceeds 3000 thousand tons, and moreover still numerous local and individual coal mine, the coal resources development under the weak ecology had led to many worse effects on geological environment, water environment and ecological environment. The essay stresses how coal development affects the soil heavy metal pollution by collecting and analysis of 43 surface earth samples. The results proves that contents of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni 8 kinds of heavy metal element in soil is less than those of environmental quality standard for soils level 2, and there are larger environment content, in the soil. Compared with the values of near district soil backdrop , other elements in earth sample except for Ni exist accumulates super standard pollution in different degrees. Hg is the most main accumulate pollution element in the research distinct. Severely degree accumulates pollution are the major in soil heavy metal accumulates multiple pollution and is the 58.14% in total pollution samples. The siol in mine area has been polluted in certain degree but its pollution effect is litter.