镍及其制品贸易格局演变及中国贸易网络分析

镍在不锈钢行业中有着稳定的需求，含镍电池也引发了镍需求的进一步增长。本文基于2010-2019年数据构建全球镍及其制品贸易网络，从贸易价值、网络结构和网络影响力对全球贸易格局进行分析，对贸易价值和经济发展指标进行相关性分析，从贸易伙伴和贸易集中度对中国贸易网络特征进行分析。研究发现：镍及其制品贸易价值受经济发展影响，发达经济体与资源禀赋高的国家或地区贸易价值较高。大部分国家或地区参与了镍贸易往来，其中参与出口的国家或地区更多。镍及其制品贸易进口网络比出口网络节点之间连接更为紧密。荷兰、中国、美国、德国、英国是进口网络中贸易伙伴最多的国家。贸易伙伴多且贸易价值高的国家，在贸易网络中最具影响力。俄罗斯、澳大利亚是中国进口镍及其制品的主要国家，中国进口贸易价值显著高于出口贸易价值。

Evolution of nickel and articles thereof trade pattern and analysis of China

Nickel has a stable demand in the stainless steel industry, and nickel batteries also lead to the further growth of nickel demand. Based on 2010-2019 trade data, this paper constructs a global nickel and articles thereof trade network, analyzes the global nickel trade pattern from trade value, network structure and network influence, analyzes the correlation between trade value and economic development indicators, and analyzes the characteristics of China"s nickel trade network from trade partners and trade concentration. The results show that the trade value of nickel and articles thereof is affected by global economic development, and developed economies and countries or regions with high resource endowment have higher trade value. Most countries or regions in the world participate in nickel trade, and the connection between import network nodes is closer than that between export network nodes. The Netherlands, China, the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom are the largest trading partners in the import network, but high trade value does not mean more trading partners. The network concentration of China"s import trade shows a tortuous downward trend, while the network concentration of China"s export trade shows a downward and then upward trend.