露天矿深孔底部间隔装药结构的研究

本文分析了露天矿深孔爆破长期沿用的连续装药结构存在的问题，论述了底部间隔装药结构的特点和爆破作用原理，指出采用底部间隔装药结构可使炸药能量分布趋于合理，同时降低爆炸压力，延长爆破作用时间，提高爆破能量利用率，改善爆破效果。通过现场爆破漏斗对比试验、小台阶模拟试验和工业试验与应用，证实了底部间隔装药结构优于连续装药结构，得出了最佳间隔系数＝20％～25％；

A STUDY ON THE BOTTOM-SPACE LOADING STURCTURE FOR DEEP-HOLES OF OPEN-PIT BLASTS

In this paper, problems associated with the continuous loading structure in deep-holes of open-pitblasts are analyzed. A new loading practice (bottom-space loading) and its mechanism are described. It is foundthat several benefits could be obtained using the bottom-space loading practice. These include more rational explosive energy distribution, decreased borehole pressure, prolonged gas pressure effects, increased utilization factor of explosive energy and improved blast performance. Crater and small bench tests were carried out. The industrial tests and applications carried out in open-pit mines proved that the bottom-space loading is superior tocontinuous loading structure. The optimal bottom-space coefficient was found to be in a range of 20% to 25%.