深孔爆破防治煤柱冲击参数优化及应用

针对大煤柱引发的冲击矿压事故多的特点,采用深孔爆破对煤柱进行弱化处理是防治发生冲击矿压的主要措施之一.根据煤岩体弱化减冲理论,爆破可有效转移煤体应力,达到防止动态破坏的目的;对承压大煤柱来讲,采用爆破法对其进行松动弱化的关键在于既要有效对其进行松动卸压,又要保持其一定结构上的完整性;深孔爆破后形成的"三带":压碎带区、破裂区和弹性震动区,利用破裂区划定爆破影响范围的界限;以钻屑法作为判定煤柱弹塑性区的手段,综合分析爆破理论和实际合理设定各项爆破参数:孔深、孔距、孔高、装药量及起爆方式等.爆破后煤柱钻屑量指标大幅下降,证明设置的爆破参数合理,卸压效果明显.实际应用证明深孔爆破作为防治冲击矿压的主要手段,是可以广泛利用和推广的.

Parameter Optimization for Pillar-Burst-Prevention in Deep-Hole Blasting

In order to prevent rock burst in a large pillar,deep-hole blasting is used to pre-loosen and weaken it.According to the intensity weakening theory for rock burst in coal mine,the stress of a pillar can be transferred to other part to prevent dynamic destruction.For the large bearing pillar,the key of using the blasting method is that the blasting should ensure not only an effective loosening and pressure relief but also the structural integrality of the large pillar.The fractured zone of the "three zones"(...