动压软岩巷道锚注加固机理与应用研究

随着矿井开采强度不断增大和煤矿井田开采深度日益增加，软岩、动压、深井以及它们的复合型巷道的有效维护已成为制约矿井安全生产的关键问题之一．针对某矿中三轨道石门动压、软岩的复合型工程特点，从巷道的布置层位、保护煤柱设计、支护方案及受采动影响状况等方面入手，分析了石门变形破坏的原因．研究结果认为：有效改善巷道围岩体力学性能，为锚杆支护提供可靠着力基础，从而使支护体与围岩共同作用形成有效承载结构，是治理动压软岩复合型巷道的主要技术途径，并提出了“以锚注加固为基础，关键部位进行加强支护”的“非均匀支护”新技术，进一步确定了该石门主要的锚注加固技术方案和技术参数．确定的方案在现场进行了工业性试验，结果表明，该石门在受上部煤层开采影响时，围岩变形量得到了有效控制，而且围岩变形很快趋于稳定，为矿井的安全生产创造了条件，取得了良好的技术经济效益．

Research on Bolt-Grouting Reinforcement Technology in Dynamic Pressure and Soft Rock Roadway

With the increase of mining scale and depth,the soft rock,dynamic pressure,and depth become main factors restricting the safety production.Aiming at the problem of complex soft rock and dynamic pressure of cross-cut,starting from the disposal layer of roadway,design of protective coal pillars,support project and status under mining effect,the authors analyzed the failure and deformation of the cross-cut.The result indicates that,to effectively improve the mechanical property of surrounding rocks,the formation of a valid bearing structure is the main technical approach for maintaining the dynamic pressure and soft rock roadway.On the basis of this,the non-uniformity disposal technology based on bolt-grouting reinforcement and reinforced support in key position is put forward,further confirmed the bolt-grouting reinforcement project and its parameters.The industrial test of this new technique indicates that,in mining the coal above cross-cut,the deformation of surrounding rocks is effectively controlled to a small amount and easily becomes stable at last.