深部高应力巷道围岩预留变形控制技术

采用理论分析、数值计算、现场试验等手段,研究了支护阻力对深部高应力巷道围岩变形与塑性区的影响,提出了支护结构应满足围岩大变形的协调支护原则。研究结果表明:在现有支护条件下,支护阻力对深部高应力巷道围岩变形、塑性区影响十分有限,深部高应力巷道围岩总是存在一部分变形量依靠现有支护水平无法控制,将此部分围岩变形量称之为巷道围岩的"给定变形",并且这种"给定变形"随着开采深度的增加而增大;因此,对于深部高应力巷道围岩变形控制,可在巷道掘进时预留一定的变形空间,并要求支护结构应能够适应巷道围岩的大变形,以维持围岩的完整性,同时保障支护结构本身能够持续不断提供支护阻力而又不出现断裂失效。工程实践结果表明:考虑预留变形并采用"锚杆+自动让压桁架锚索"为主体,锚索加固为辅助的综合控制技术可较好的控制巷道围岩的稳定性,保障了巷道服务期间的安全使用。

Control technology of reserved surrounding rock deformation in deep roadway under high stress

The influence of support resistance on the deformation and plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock has been studied by theoretical analysis，numerical calculation and field test，and the coordinate supporting principles have been proposed，that the support structure should be adapted to the large deformation of surrounding rock.The research results show that under the condition of existing support，the effects of support resistance is quite limited to the deformation and plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock；there are always some deformation parts of the roadway surrounding rock cannot be controlled effectively by the existing support in deep mine with high stress；this deformation part is given deformation，and the given deformation becomes more and more large with the mining depth increases.Therefore，in order to control the roadway surrounding rock in deep mine with high stress，some deformation space can be reserved during the roadway excavation，and thus the support structure can be adapted to the large deformation of surrounding rock to maintain the surrounding rock integrity，at the same time ensure the support structure not only can provide the support resistance but also not be broken.The practice results show that the integrated control technology of support mainly by reserved the deformation and “bolts+yield truss and anchor rope” and supplemented by anchor cable reinforcement can effectively control the stability of roadway surrounding rock，and ensure the safety of roadway during its service.