陕北中低温煤焦油中酚类化合物的提取与GC/MS分析

以陕北中低温煤焦油为原料，考察其中酚类化合物的组成与分布情况。首先将煤焦油的轻油和重油蒸馏切割成170~240、240~270、270~300 ℃三个馏分；采用酸碱抽提法提取各馏分中的酚油；利用GC/MS分析了酚油中酚类化合物的组成与分布。结果表明：轻油3个馏分酚油共鉴定出75种酚类化合物，在170~240 ℃酚油中鉴定出56种酚类化合物，占该酚油质量的92.87%；重油3个馏分酚油中共鉴定出81种酚类化合物，在170~240 ℃酚油中有酚类化合物60种，占该酚油质量的93.80%。轻油和重油中所含酚类化合物主要为低级酚、C3-C4烷基苯酚、茚酚、苯二酚、萘酚和烷基萘酚。

Extraction and GC/MS analysis of phenolic compounds in low temperature coal tar from Northern Shaanxi

The composition and distribution of phenolic compounds in low temperature coal tar from Northern Shaanxi were investigated.Three fractions were isolated from L tar and H tar by distillation in 170~240，240~270 and 270~300 ℃ respectively.Soda wash method was used to extract the phenolic compounds in each fractions and the crude phenols was analysised by GC/MS.It was found that 75 types of phenolic compounds were in crude phenols from the fractions of L tar，and there were 56 types of phenolic compounds in 170~240 ℃ fraction，which contributed the 92.87% of the crude phenols in quality.81 types of phenolic compounds were found in crude phenols from the fractions of H tar，and there were 60 types of phenolic compounds in 170~240 ℃ fraction，which contributed the 93.80% of the crude phenols in quality.The main phenolic compounds in L tar and H tar were low rank phenols，C3—C4 alkyl phenols，indenols，hydroquinones，naphthols and alkyl naphthols.