煤矿塌陷区不同复垦材料土壤压实机理的研究

为研究煤矿塌陷区土地在不同的碾压程度下，建筑垃圾、粉煤灰和煤矸石3种填充材料对土壤颗粒组成的影响，探究土地复垦过程中土壤粒径变化的敏感粒径范围及与试验地块所受压力的相关性。试验模拟履带式推土机碾压力度，采用Winner2000激光颗粒仪量测各地块的土壤颗粒组成，通过SPSS做碾压力度与土壤颗粒组成的相关性分析。研究确定了3种填充材料压实强度与土壤颗粒组成的数量关系。研究结果表明：① 在粒径2.2~10.48 μm内，随着碾压次数的增加，试验地块的土壤颗粒含量百分比不断升高，且煤矸石填充地块变化最明显；② 经不同程度的碾压后，建筑垃圾、粉煤灰和煤矸石填充地块“物理性黏粒”总含量百分比的最大值分别为25.29%，26.66%和36.89%，煤矸石填充地块碾压1次后“物理性黏粒”含量百分比即为28.91%，高出对照耕地9.68%；③ 建筑垃圾、粉煤灰、煤矸石填充地块的土壤颗粒含量与压力相关性最强的粒径分别为4.83~10.48，4.83~5.86和4.83~5.86 μm，相关性系数分别为0.926，0.899和0.699。

Soil composition mechanism research of different reclamation material in coal mining subsidence area

In order to study the influence on soil particle composition of different compaction degree in coal mining subsidence area，using construction waste，coal ash and coal gangue three filler materials，to explore the sensitive particle size range of the soil particle change and find the correlation between soil particle size change and the pressure on experimental plots.Through imitating the crawler type dozer rolling，this experiment was designed to measure soil particle composition of each field with the Winner2000 laser particle size analyzer and to analyze the correlation coefficient between rolling strength and soil particle composition with SPSS.This study found out the quantitative relations between the compaction degree of three filling materials and the soil particle composition which provide an effective way to improve the soil characteristic of reclaimed land and improve the crop yields.The results show that：①In the particle size range of 2.2 μm to 10.48 μm，the content percentage of soil particle rise with the increase of compaction time，and the most obvious one is the coal gangue filled plots；②After different compaction degree，the maximum value percentage of the total physical clay content of construction waste，coal ash and coal gangue filling plots are respectively 25.29%，26.66% and 36.89%，and the physical clay content percentage of the coal gangue filling plots after one time compaction is 28.91%，which is 9.68% larger than that of the control arable land；③The most significant correlation between the soil particle content and the pressure in construction waste，coal ash，coal gangue filling land are respectively 4.83-10.48，4.83-5.86 and 4.83-5.86 μm in the particle size range.And the correlation coefficient is respectively 0.926，0.899 and 0.699.