不同水平应力作用下巷道围岩破坏特征的物理模拟试验

利用自行研制的YDM-E型采矿工程物理模型试验系统，通过相似材料模拟试验研究不同水平应力作用下锚杆支护巷道以及无支护条件下巷道围岩变形破坏特征.实验结果表明：随着水平应力的提高，巷道无支护情况下顶板呈现楔形冒落；锚杆支护巷道顶板呈现层状整体垮落，当水平应力加大到一定程度，锚固体全部垮落之后，锚固区外亦呈现楔形冒落；巷道底板出现剪切滑移破坏，破坏的外轮廓线呈反拱形；巷道两帮的破坏程度小于顶、底板的破坏程度.因此，高水平应力作用巷道围岩控制的重点在于控制巷道顶、底板.

Physical simulation test of damage character of surrounding rock under different levels of the horizontal stress

Using the YDM E type mining engineering physics model test system, which was self developed, the deformation and failure character of the surrounding rock under different horizontal stress for using bolt support and non support were researched by the similarity simulation study. The experimental results show that the roadway shows a wedge shaped roof caving for using non support with the increased horizontal stress; while the roof of the roadway is strata falling for using bolt support, but the anchorage body would all fall if the horizontal stress increases to a certain extent and the anchorage area also shows wedge falling finally; the shear slip failure is occurred in the floor of the roadway, and the damage outer contour is anti arched; the destruction extent of the two sides of the roadway is less than the level of the roof and floor. Therefore, it is a key to control the roof and floor of the roadway under the high level of stress.