论矿山生态建设

基于采矿对环境影响规律的认识，提出了矿山生态建设的概念；矿山生态建设不仅是破坏后的重建，还包括采前的规划和开采过程中的生态保护；采矿对生态的影响有负面的，也有正面的，这是减轻采矿破坏、采取生态保护措施的基础；矿山生态建设需要以系统工程的方法贯穿于采矿全过程；它的理论基础是工业生态学，环境经济学中的外部性原理是将采矿对生态环境影响的成本纳入矿产品成本的基础.最后给出了代表西部和华东地区的神东矿区和徐州矿区开展矿山生态建设的案例.理论和实践证明：矿山生态建设是发展中迫切需要的，也是切实可行的，需要进行技术集成和理论创新，更好地指导矿山生态建设.

Discussion on mine ecological construction

Based on the recognition of laws of mining influence on eco-environment,the concept of mine ecological construction was proposed,which included mine ecological restoration,reclamation after mining,eco-environmental planning before mining and protection in mining.The influences of mining on eco-environment were not only negative but also positive.Thus,we could take measures to lessen negative influences and take advantage of positive ones during the whole process of mining in terms of systems engineering.The principles of industrial ecology provided the best guidance for mine ecological construction,and the concept of externalities in economics provided the clue to account the cost of environment for mining activities.Two examples were shown,one of which showed the effectiveness of mine ecological protection at Shendong coal mining area in the boundary of Shaanxi Province and Inner Mongolia and the other showed the effectiveness of ecological reclamation after mining at Xuzhou coal mining area being of typical mine eco-environmental features of East China.Theoretics and practice prove that mine ecological construction are urgent and feasible,which should be solved and we must focus on theoretical innovation and technical integration to guide the practice of mine ecological construction.