保水采煤的科学内涵

为保护干旱半干旱矿区含水层及生态系统,通过阐述榆神矿区矿床地质、开采条件、岩层移动特征等,从系统论角度提出了保水采煤的概念和科学内涵,并构建了保水采煤研究基本框架。认为保水采煤适用于干旱半干旱缺水矿区,目标是保护含水层结构和河流基流量基本稳定;主要研究地质条件、岩层移动控制技术、水与生态约束条件和保水采煤关键技术;技术途径包括控制岩层移动抑制导水裂隙带发育、隔水层再造和注浆改造隔水层等。低成本充填技术和沙漠区地下水位相对变浅后的环境效应是保水采煤研究面临的挑战。保水采煤研究是我国干旱半干旱矿区煤炭开采与水资源保护的理论基础和依据。

Scientific connotation of water-preserved mining

Aim to find methods for aquifers and ecology protection in arid and semi-arid mines,the paper put forth the concept and the scientific connotation of water-preserved mining,and established its basic frame from systematical theory based on coal geology,mining conditions and strata movement characteristics in the Yushen mine area.Water-preserved coal mining applies to in arid and semi-arid coal mining areas.Its objective is to protect aquifer structures and base flow of rivers.Its major research contents include geological and hydrogeological conditions,rock movement control technology,constraint conditions both water and ecology,and key mining technique.Three basic ways,which are to refrain from water flowing fractures by controlling strata movement,to reconstruct aquicludes and remodel aquicludes by grouting,are widely adopted in water-preserved mining.Challenges facing are filling at high cost and negative environmental effects of shallower buried depths of water table in deserts due to land subsidence.Studies on water-preserved coal mining are theory base and evidence for coal mining and water resource protection in arid and semi-arid mines.