生态脆弱矿区松散含水层下采煤保护土层合理厚度

为保护生态脆弱矿区的生态潜水位,对采煤保护土层厚度的合理厚度进行研究。基于地下水动力学,分析了采动潜水位越流变化机理,并采用水-电相似模拟技术,模拟了采后不同有效隔水层厚度及其物理特性条件下潜水位变化规律。研究结果表明:煤炭开采,越流水位差越大,采后有效隔水层隔水能力越差,采动潜水位降深越大。研究区典型地质条件下,采后有效隔水层为42.6 m的离石黄土或21.0 m的保德红土时,潜水不会显著漏失。多种软件耦合实现了煤炭开采工作面水-电相似模拟,得到了研究区典型采矿地质条件下不同有效隔水层厚度与潜水位降深的关系,水-电模拟结果与理论研究结果相吻合,并得到了工程实践的初步验证。

Reasonable thickness of protected loess under loose aquifer in ecologically fragile mining area

In order to protect the ecological phreatic level in ecologically fragile mining area,the reasonable thickness of protected loess with mining were studied.Based on groundwater dynamics,the mechanisms of phreatic level leaky with mining had been analyzed.Also,the laws of phreatic level variation with different mining residual thickness and the physical properties of loess had been analyzed by water-electric similar simulations.The results show that the more leaky head and the weaker water isolation,the smaller phreatic decline with mining.While 42.6 m loess of Lishi Group or 21.0 m loess of Baode Group,the mining phreatic level can range in the ecological phreatic level for the typical geological condition of the study area.Water-electric similar simulations of typical geological condition in mining workface is achieved by multiple software.The relationship of mining residual thickness and phreatic decline shows that water-electric simulation results are anastomosing in theoretical results.The results are preliminarily proved by engineering practice.