超细粉体抑爆装置瞬态喷射特征参数

在敞开空间开展了容积为2 L及5 L的超细粉体抑爆装置瞬态喷射参数研究，重点介绍了5种典型装配条件下的喷射性能，并对相关特征参数进行定量分析。结果表明：抑爆剂喷射所形成的超细粉体云幕特性由气体发生器装配结构和膜片开启压力共同决定，但两者之间必须恰当配置，作用在膜片上的能量份额较大时，膜片开启状态恶化，抑爆器腔体聚压不足，抑爆剂二次喷射严重，反之膜片不能正常开启。装配优化后的I型抑爆器在触发后10 ms内腔体聚压达到峰值，膜片破裂后5 ms内抑爆剂全部喷射，喷射动态性能较好，在第1个100 ms内扩散速度达到15 m/s，在第2个100 ms内扩散速度约13 m/s，0~1 000 ms内平均扩散速度约8 m/s，扩散过程较为连续，不存在二次喷射现象，喷射距离可达到7.5 m，抑爆剂质量分布呈渐进增长，产生的超细粉体云幕特征参数优良。Ⅱ型抑爆器两种装配的喷射表明：当抑爆装置中压力上升历程及压力峰值较为接近时，抑爆剂粉体喷射特性无显著差异。上述结论的可重复性得到了数百次喷射实验的验证。

Transient discharge parameters of ultra-fine powder explosion suppressor

Serialized tests of transient discharge characteristic were carried out for two kinds of ultra-fine powder explosion suppressors with 2 L and 5 L in volume respectively.The parameters under five types of typical assembly conditions were analyzed quantitatively.It was shown that the spray characteristics of the explosion suppressor are governed by both the structure of gas generator and the opening pressure of diaphragm.The pressure inside the suppressor is insufficient and the secondary injection is serious when more energy discharged from the gas generator impacts on diaphragm directly,whereas the diaphragm cannot open properly if the static opening pressure of the membrane is too high.For the optimized assembly condition of type I suppressor,the peak pressure can be achieved within 10 ms after triggering,and the suppression powder can be discharged into the open space within 5 ms with prefect dynamic performance,has a diffusion velocity of 15 m/s within the first hundred millisecond and 13 m/s within the second hundred millisecond respectively,the average velocity is 8 m/s without secondary injection,jet distance can reach 7.5 meters with gradual growth in mass distribution,the parameters of the ultra-fine powder clouds are much better than that of other two conditions.Results from the discharge of type II explosion suppressor show that there are no significant difference between two assembly conditions if pressure rise and pressure peak inside the suppressor are similar.