球红假单胞菌降解转化次烟煤的实验研究

针对球红假单胞菌 (Rhodopseudomonas spheroides) 对煤炭的降解转化作用，通过对该菌种及其原生质体进行原生质体紫外诱变选育，获得了高效的煤炭生物降解转化菌株。在pH=7.2、温度28 ℃、转速150 r/min 的条件下进行紫外诱变球红假单胞菌及其原生质体再生菌的培养和煤炭生物降解转化试验；采用XRD，FTIR和MS对次烟煤及其降解转化产物进行测试分析。结果表明：球红假单胞菌及其原生质体紫外诱变选育效果显著，且紫外诱变菌及紫外诱变原生质体再生菌遗传性状稳定。在紫外辐射时间为40 s和150 s时，球红假单胞菌及其原生质体的致死率分别达到为95.5%和98.1%，其紫外诱变菌及原生质体的诱变再生菌株其对淮南次烟煤的最大降解率从10.41%分别提高到14%和18%。测试分析显示降解转化产物的芳香聚合度和分子量有很大程度降低，官能团含量发生了变化，芳香类高聚物降解为低分子量类物质及其他类物质。

Investigation of subbituminous coal biodegradation using Rhodopseudomonas spheroides

The paper is inclined to introduce our study results on the mutagenesis of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and its protoplasts under the ultraviolet irradiation and its biodegradating effect in subbituminous coal.For the research purpose,we have obtained some efficient strains degraded and transformed from subbituminous coal,based on our experiments with the protoplast breeding of ultraviolet mutagenesis on Rhodopseudomonas spheroids,which is endowed with the degradation effect on the coal institutional characteristic features.We have successfully conducted an experiment on the ultraviolet mutagenesis Rhodopseudomonas spheroids and their degradation and transformation of the coal samples under the following condition:the pH value of 7.2;the temperature of 28 ℃ and the rotational speed of 150 r/min.The test results of the effect we have arrived at prove to be both instructive and significant in ultraviolet mutation breeding and the genetic traits of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids and its protoplast with the hereditary stability of the ultraviolet regeneration bacteria.The experiment has established that mutagenesis regenerated strains of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids and its protoplasts will have a fatality rate of 95.5% and 98.1% respectively within the radiation time of 40 seconds and 150 seconds.The maximum biodegradation rates of the original mutagenesis strains and regeneration strains for subbituminous coal sample of Huainan have got a respective increase of 14% and 18% from the original 10.41%.Then,the degradation products have been analyzed by means of XRD,FTIR and MS,which indicates that the polymerigation of the aromatic nucleus and the molecular weights of products tend to drop remarkably with the obvious changes of the content of the functional groups as compared with the original subbituminous coal.