煤炭燃烧对上海市大气质量影响的分析

分析了2005年上海市大气主要污染物的污染水平及变化情况，并利用单颗粒法对由煤炭燃烧引起的主要可吸入颗粒物类型的微观特征进行分析.结果表明：上海市超大量的煤炭燃烧，造成上海市大气中SO₂浓度年平均值已经超过国家空气质量二级标准，并呈逐年上升的趋势；煤炭燃烧产生的颗粒物的微观形貌具有明显的特征，可以在一定程度上通过大气PM₁₀中的不同类型的颗粒物的比例情况判定煤炭燃烧对大气污染的贡献；上海市2005年大气PM₁₀中的飞灰、烟尘集合体和规则颗粒物的数量占总颗粒数的比例分别是10.42%,31.98%和2.19%，反映了煤炭燃烧对上海市大气质量的严重影响.

Influence of coal combustion on atmospheric quality in Shanghai

The pollution status and variations of principal air pollutants of Shanghai in 2005 were analyzed and the morphologies of major inhalable particulate types caused by coal combustion were investigated by individual particle analysis method.The results show that the yearly average of sulfur dioxide in Shanghai exceedes the second standard limit of "nation standard for ambient air quality" and has a trend to rise yearly due to intensive coal consumption.The morphology of the particulate matter caused by coal combustion is unique.The contribution of coal combustion to air pollution in Shanghai can be determined to certain extent by counting the proportion of different particle types in PM10.The proportions of fly-ash,soot aggregates and regular mineral particles in total particles of PM10 in Shanghai in 2005,by number,were 10.42 %,31.98 % and 2.19 %,respectively.These illustrate that the influence of coal combustion to air quality of Shanghai is serious.