海泡石纤维化学松解工艺研究

通过正交试验、方差分析等方法研究了海泡石纤维化学松解中筛分、碾磨、浸泡、打浆等工艺对纤维的松解作用。筛选了松解工艺条件，确定了最佳松解工艺流程。结果表明，在以水溶性磷酸盐作为分散剂的情况下，随筛分孔径的增大和打浆时间的延长，纤维的叩解度先上升，然后趋于稳定；浸泡作业对纤维的松解作用不显著；短时湿法碾磨、提高打浆速度、适度的打浆浓度均有利于纤维的松解；纤维浓度较稀时，高温打浆效果较好；叶轮式打浆机的松解效果优于磨浆机。试验最终确定的工艺流程及参数为，海泡石纤维经8mm筛分后湿法碾磨10min，然后按纤维：分散剂：水为1：0．15：15的质量比用叶轮式打浆机室温打浆0．5h。经上述工艺处理后，纤维的叩解度可提高到原来的2．7倍以上。

Research of Chemical Fiberization Process of Sepiolite Fibers

The dispersing effects of technological operations such as sieving, grinding, soaking and beating on sepiolite fibers in the chemical fiberization process were researched through orthogonal experiments and variance analyses. Optimum parameters and technological procedures were determined. The results show that under the conditions of soluble phosphates as the dispersants, the beating degrees of sepiolite fibers increase at first, then go to be stabilized with the enlargement of sieve pore diameters and the elongation of beating time; soaking operation is not the key factor for sepiolite dispersion; operations of short-time wet-grinding and high-speed or hot-water beating under proper fiber concentrations benefit the difiberization; the leaf-wheel beater is better in dispersing the sepiolite fibers than the pulp miller. The selected technological process and parameters for sepiolite fibers dispersion are as follows: sieving the sepiolite fibers with 8mm diameter sieve holes, then wet grinding for 10 min, finally beat the suspension with a leaf-wheel beater for 0.5h at the fiber/dispersant/water quantity ratios of 1/0.15/15. The beating degree rises to 2.7 times of that of original fibers with this process.