应用高梯度磁选技术处理含铜废水的试验研究

目前,去除水中重金属离子的常用方法存在处理成本较高、易造成二次污染等问题,为此,以浓度为100 mg/L的硫酸铜溶液作为模拟含重金属离子的废水,采用铁氧体沉淀—高梯度磁选分离技术去除水中铜离子。结果表明:在溶液初始pH为10.47,n(FeCl2)∶n(CuSO4)=1.0时,沉淀反应后铜离子沉淀率为99.98%,水中残余铜离子浓度仅0.0127 mg/L;生成的沉淀中按n(Fe3O4)∶n(Cu2+)=0.8加入磁铁矿作为磁种,在背景磁感应强度为1.0 T,采用直径为0.6 mm的网状介质盒,经高梯度强磁选可将93.39%的沉淀物快速分离出来。试验结果为应用高梯度磁选技术处理含重金属离子废水提供了理论依据,为该技术的工业应用提供了技术支撑。

Experimental Study on Heavy Metals Removal from Wastewater Containing Copper Ions by High Gradient Magnetic Separation Technology

Common methods for the treatment of waste water containing heavy metal ions exist some in surmountable difficulties at present， such as the high cost and the secondary pollution， etc. Techniques of ferriter precipitate and high gradient magnetic separation for treating waste water containing heavy metal ions were studied. Copper sulphate solution with Cu²⁺concentration of 100 mg/L was adopted as typical waste water containing heavy metals. Test results show that， under the optimal solution pH of 10.47 and the molar ratio of iron salt to copper ion of 1.0， a maximum copper ionprecipitation rate of 99.98% can be achieved. The residual concentration of copper ion after precipitation is only 0.0127 mg/L. 93.39% of copper ion precipitation can be removed rapidly by HGMS method， when adding magnetite to the precipitated solution as magnetic seed. And the optimal molar ratio of Fe₃O₄ to copper ion is 0.8， diameter of magnetic medium of grid matrix is 0.6 mm， magnetic field intensity is 1.0 T. Test results can provide the oretical basis for the treatment techniques of waste water containing heavy metal ions， and supply some technical support for industrial application.