复杂地形下缓倾斜磷矿床条带充填分区协同开采技术

如何实现复杂地形下缓倾斜矿体安全高效开采是目前亟待解决的关键问题。以宜昌某磷矿为工程背景，根据地应力不均匀分布特征构建分区采场结构，基于“协同开采”理念，提出了与其相适应的条带充 填分区协同开采技术，实现了同一盘区回采与充填协同作业。运用物理相似模拟试验方法，研究了分区协同回采过程中顶板及围岩矿柱的受力变形特征及其变化规律，探讨了分区充填过程中采场矿柱的承载机制。结 果表明：采区之间相互干扰程度较弱，围岩应力转移程度受埋深和开采步骤的影响较大；随着开采与充填的协同进行，不同采区条带上方顶板受拉与受压交错性分布；分区协同回采过程中，围岩及充填体矿柱并未发 生明显破坏，其中一步骤充填体和围岩矿柱是采场内的主要承载体，二步骤充填体的承载作用相对较弱；盘区矿柱之间及隔离间柱发生了非对称性变形。为了进一步降低充填成本，在原有协同充填模式的基础上适当 降低二步骤充填体的力学强度，并通过数值模拟方法验证了优化后采场充填模式的可行性。条带充填分区协同开采技术有助于实现复杂地形下缓倾斜矿床安全、高效、经济开采。

Synergetic Mining Technology for Strip-filling Zone of Gently Inclined Phosphate Deposits under Complex Terrain

How to realize the safe and efficient mining of gently inclined orebodies under complex terrain is the key problem that needs to be solved urgently.Taking a phosphate mine in Yichang City as the engineering background，a zoning stope structure was constructed based on the uneven distribution of in-situ stress.Based on the concept of "synergetic mining "，a strip mining and zoning synergetic mining technology was proposed to realize the coordinated mining and filling operations in the same area.Based on the physical similarity simulation test method ，the deformation and deformation characteristics of the roof and surrounding rock pillars during the synergetic mining process in the zone were studied，and the bearing mechanism of the mine pillars in the zone filling process was discussed.The results show that the mutual interference between the mining areas is weak，the degree of stress transfer of the surrounding rock is greatly affected by the depth of the burial and the mining steps；with the synergetic operation of mining and filling，the roofs above the strips in different mining areas are pulled and compressed staggered distribution；in the process of zonal synergetic mining，the surrounding rock and backfill ore pillars did not undergo significant damage，one-step backfill bodies and the surrounding rock ore pillars were the main bearing bodies in the stope，the bearing capacity of the two-step backfill bodies were relatively weak；asymmetric deformation occurred between the pillars of the panel and isolation pillars.In order to further reduce the filling cost，the mechanical strength of the two-step filling body was appropriately reduced based on the original synergetic filling mode，and the feasibility of the optimized stope filling mode was verified by numerical simulation methods.The strip-filled zone synergetic mining technology proposed in this paper could help for realizing the comprehensive objective of safety，efficiency and economy mining of the gently inclined deposits under complex terrain.