崩落法纵向分区开采冒落危害防治技术

针对崩落采矿法纵向分区开采过程中冒落危害防治这一关键安全技术问题,以小汪沟铁矿在矿体延深方向划分为3个分区开采为依托,运用理论分析方法,指出了各分区冒落危害的主要种类,其中上位分区为落块与陷落危害,中位分区为冒落冲击气浪与落块危害,下位分区为落块危害。同时,依据3分区的位置特点及矿体条件,调整回采顺序以利用连续回采面积控制初始冒落形式,并针对冲击气浪、落块、陷落危害,分别提出作业点与冒落体边缘保持5 m以上安全距离和在出矿口预留6 m厚散体隔离垫层、严禁作业人员进入空区出矿、地表堆石隔离人员进入陷落区等技术措施,适应了不同冒落条件下的安全需求,现场应用效果良好,为崩落法纵向分区开采矿山提供了安全技术保障。

Technology of Controlling Roof Falling Hazard about Synchronous Caving in Upper and Lower Mining Areas

Controlling roof falling hazard was the key safety technique of synchronous mining in upper and lower mining areas. Taking Xiaowanggou iron mine that was divided into three areas in ore-body extending direction for example,and based on theoretical analysis,the main types of roof falling hazards were shown in three mining areas,falling rocks and collapse for upper mining area,airblast wave and falling rocks for middle mining area,and falling rocks for lower mining area. Meanwhile, according to the location feature of three mining areas and the orebody condition,mining sequence was adjusted for controlling roof falling forms by continuous mining area. And,to avoid from the disasters of the air-blast wave,falling rocks,collapse,a se-ries of technical measures were proposed,including keeping 5m safe distance between working site and the falling edge,and setting 6m thick granular medium as isolation cushion,non worker allowed to entering the mined out area,and piling rocks on surface to forbid worker entering subsidence area. These measures were applicable for the safe mining under different caving conditions,and had good application. It provides technical support for synchronous caving in upper and lower mining areas.