酸法堆浸中矿石结垢及防垢机理研究

堆浸过程中,矿石表面容易发生结垢,从而导致浸堆渗透性降低,最终影响浸出率。以云南某高泥高碱铜矿石酸法堆浸工艺为背景,通过对堆浸结垢矿石进行电镜扫描和X射线衍射分析,发现结垢物以CaSO4为主,其产生的原因是浸出过程源源不断地生成Ca2+并引入SO24+;通过添加不同防垢剂进行试验,借助电镜扫描分析,验证了防垢剂对于矿石结垢有明显抑制作用,防垢剂作用机理主要是螯合增溶和晶体畸变作用。

Mechanism of Incrustation and Anti-incrustation during Acidic Leaching Process

During the process of heap leaching, incrustation is easy to precipitate on the surface of ore, which leads to decrease of the permeability of leaching yard and finally affects the leaching rate.Taking the acid heap leaching technique of a high-slurry high-alkali ore in Yunnan as background, the SEM scanning and X-ray diffraction analysis on the leaching ores of incrustation showed that the  composition of incrustation was mainly CaSO₄, that is because Ca²⁺ was continuously generated, which absorbed the SO₄²⁺ in leaching process.By adding different anti-incrustation agent in experiments, and with the help of scanning electron microscopy, the inhibiting effect of the anti incrustation agent on the incrustation of ores was verified.The mechanism of the anti-incrustation agent was mainly chelate effect and crystal distortion effect.