新疆滴水铜矿矿石工艺矿物学研究

新疆滴水铜矿矿石属凝灰岩型氧化铜矿石,选矿厂采用硫化浮选工艺,存在回收率低、捕收剂耗量高、泡沫量大且发黏等问题。为了给这些问题的解决提供参考,采用化学分析、X射线衍射分析、光学显微镜分析、扫描电镜分析、电子探针分析、粒度分析及比表面积测定等手段对该矿石开展了工艺矿物学研究。结果表明:矿石由玻屑、晶屑、岩石碎屑等组成,大量火山尘充填胶结这些碎屑形成内部具有大量孔隙的凝灰岩块矿,铜矿物主要以孔雀石和较难发生硫化反应的赤铜矿形式存在;在现场采用的-0.074 mm占90%磨矿细度下,矿石中-0.02 mm矿泥含量高达65.59%,这些矿泥具有极高的比表面积,一方面罩盖于铜矿物颗粒表面恶化浮选过程,一方面引起浮选药剂的非选择性吸附。根据研究结果,提出解决现场问题的途径是强化赤铜矿的硫化、减少矿泥的罩盖和降低矿泥的表面活性。

Process Mineralogy of Dishui Copper Ore in Xinjiang

There exists many problems such as low recovery，highly collector consumption，sticky and too much foam in dealing with a tuff-type copper oxide ore with sulfuration flotation process in Dishui county，Xinjiang province.In order to provide reference for dealing with these issues，the process mineralogy research was conducted by the means of chemical analysis，X-ray diffraction (XRD)，optical microscopy，scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron microprobe analysis，grading analysis and specific surface area analysis etc.The results showed that the tuff rock consists of vitroclastic fragments，crystal fragments and rock fragments etc.Large blocks of tuff with many internal pores were formed by large quantities of volcanic dust filling and cementing with the fragments.Copper mainly exists in the form of malachite and zigueline，which is difficult to sulfurize.Particles below 0.02 mm accounted for 65.59% at the grinding fineness of 90% passing 0.074 mm.Those slimes not only worsen the flotation process by covering on the copper minerals but also cause non-selective adsorption of reagents for their large specific surface area.Based on the research results，the ways for solving these on-site problems include intensifying the sulfuration of zigueline，reducing the covering of slimes and decreasing the activity of slimes.