相对地应力测量设备现状及发展趋势

地应力变化使工程结构发生失稳、变形甚至破坏，是大多数工程灾害的直接原因。相 对地应力监测是探究开采过程地应力时空演化规律的重要手段，因此，相对地应力监测在隧道施 工、资源开采、水利交通工程建设中是重点内容。本文对当前采用的相对应力监测设备的组成结 构、工作原理、使用步骤、注意事项、应用现状、适用条件和优缺点进行了详细阐述和分析，为 相对地应力监测的设备选型和工程应用提供了借鉴。最后，基于当前5G通讯技术和智能物联网快 速发展现状，提出基于5G+物联网的相对应力智能监测的发展方向，设计了相对地应力智能实时监 测的研究思路和系统框架，为相对应力的监测进一步发展提供展望。

Current Situation and Development Trend of Relative Geostress Measurement Equipment

The change of in-situ stress makes engineering structure lose stability,deform and even destroy its structure.It is the direct cause for most of engineering disasters.Relative in-situ stress monitoring is an important means to explore the temporal and spatial evolution of in-situ stress during mining,Therefore,relative geostress monitoring is the key content in tunnel construction,resource exploitation,water conservancy and traffic engineering construction.In this paper,the structure,working principle,instruction,precautions,application status,application conditions,advantages and disadvantages of the current relative stress monitoring equipment are described and analyzed in detail,which provides a reference for the selection of relative stress monitoring equipment and engineering application.Finally,based on the current rapid development of 5G communication technology and intelligent Internet of things,the development direction of relative stress intelligent monitoring based on 5G+Internet of things is proposed,and the research ideas and system framework of relative insitu stress intelligent real-time monitoring are designed,which provides prospects for the further development of relative stress monitoring.