刚果（金）SODIMIKA表层氧化铜钴矿的工艺矿物学研究

为合理开发刚果（金）SODIMIKA表层氧化铜钴矿提供依据，对矿石开展了详细的工艺矿物学研究。结果表明∶① 矿石中主要可回收元素为Cu、Co，含量分别为2.15%、0.19%；铜主要以硅孔雀石中铜、自由氧化铜的形式存在，钴主要以氧化钴、硫化钴的形式存在。② 矿石中主要金属矿物为硅孔雀石、孔雀石、水钴矿、黑铜矿、磷铜矿、锰铜钴水合氧化物及赤（褐）铁矿等；脉石矿物主要为石英、白云母、绿泥石、滑石等。③ 矿石的结构类型主要为半自形—他形粒状结构、自形纤维状结构、鳞片状结构及胶状结构等；构造类型主要为块状构造，其次为角砾状构造及皮壳状构造等。④ 矿石中孔雀石、水钴矿均具不均匀中细粒嵌布的特征，而黑铜矿、磷铜矿、硅孔雀石及锰铜钴水合氧化物则属细粒嵌布。⑤ 铜矿物的产出形式主要为孔雀石、硅孔雀石、黑铜矿、磷铜矿、锰铜钴水合氧化物等，结合氧化铜矿物含量较高，且与褐铁矿共生现象严重；钴的独立矿物为水钴矿，且嵌布粒度微细，独立不规则粒状分布，与孔雀石复杂连生。推荐采用浮—磁联合工艺，浮选回收部分粗粒单体的自由氧化铜矿物，磁选回收比磁化系数较高的、与氧化铁锰紧密结合的铜钴。

Study on Process Mineralogy of SODIMIKA Surface Copper-cobalt Oxide Ores in Democratic Republic of Congo

In order to provide basis for rational development of SODIMIKA surface copper-cobalt oxide ores in Democratic Republic of Congo,a detailed process mineralogy study was carried out for the ores.The results showed that:① The main recoverable elements in the ore are copper and cobalt,the contents of which are 2.15% and 0.19%,respectively.The copper mainly exists in the form of copper in chrysocolla and free copper oxide,and cobalt mainly exists in the form of cobalt oxide and cobalt sulfide.② The main metal minerals in the ore are chrysocolla,malachite,hydrocobalt,melaconite,libethenite,manganous-copper-cobalt hydrated oxide,hematite and limonite.Gangue minerals mainly include quartz,muscovite,chlorite and talc.③ The structure types of the ores are mainly composed of semi-automorphic and heteromorphic granular structure,self-shaped fibrous structure,scaly structure and colloidal structure.The main texture types are massive texture,followed by brecciform texture and crusted texture.④ Malachite and hydrocobalt in the ore have the characteristics of uneven medium fine disseminated,while melaconite,libethenite,chrysocolla and manganous-copper-cobalt hydrated oxide are fine disseminated.⑤ The main forms of copper minerals are malachite,chrysocolla,melaconite,libethenite and manganous-copper-cobalt hydrated oxide.The content of combined copper oxide minerals is high,and associated with limonite seriously.The independent mineral of cobalt is hydrocobalt with the fine disseminated grain size,and distributed in the independent irregular granular.And it is complicatedly combined with malachite.It is recommended to adopt the floatation-magnetic separartion combination process to recover some free copper oxide minerals in coarse-grained monomers by flotation and copper-cobalt closely combined with ferric manganese oxide of higher specific susceptibility by magnetic separation.