红透山铜矿采场矿柱破裂过程的数值模拟

基于对红透山铜矿采场矿柱破坏形式的现场调研，发现高应力下矿柱破坏形式主要为剥落、劈裂破坏、剪切破坏3种形式。为研究其采场矿柱破坏的力学机制，依据红透山矿采场的实际情况及矿岩分布模式，将红透山矿矿柱分为3种矿岩组合模型。以此为基础，应用基于有限元的数值分析方法，对3种矿岩组合矿柱模型的破裂模式进行了模拟分析。数值计算结果表明：I型矿柱均为矿石，其破坏形式为X型剪切破坏；II型矿柱为矿岩组合，其破坏形式主要为矿柱上部围岩发生破坏，而在矿柱下部矿体仅仅产生一些裂纹；Ⅲ型矿柱为上下围岩中间夹矿，裂纹先在上下2层围岩中产生，继而向中间矿石扩展，直至最后裂纹贯通，矿柱失稳。该数值分析结果可为类似矿山矿柱的设计提供一定的参考依据。

Numerical Analysis on Pillar Failure Process of Stope in Hongtoushan Copper Mine

In this paper, the on-site investigation on the failure modes in the stope of Hongtoushan copper mine showed that there are mainly three failure modes under high stress, like spalling, splitting and shear failure.In order to study the failure modes of pillar, 3 kinds of combined model of ore-and-rock were set-up according to the on-the-spot investigation in Hongtoushan copper mine.Based on these, a numerical analysis based on the finite element method was applied to analyze the failure modes of 3 kinds of the combined model.The results indicated that, for Pillar I (copper ore), its failure is 'X shape' shear failure mode; for Pillar II (upper of pillar is rock and its bottom is ore), the initial failure occurs in the upper rock of pillar and only some cracks appear in the bottom of pillar; for Pillar III (upper and bottom of pillar is rock and its central part is ore), the initial creak occurs in the upper and bottom of pillar, then the creak propagates toward the central ore until the crack coalescence.This numerical result provided some basis knowledge for the pillar design of other similar mines