矿山滑坡危岩体定向拆除抛掷爆破应急排险方法

矿山滑坡危岩体在极限状态下极易发生二次滑坡灾害，如何实现应急排险以及排险方法的安全有效性验证一直是困扰矿山企业的实际难题。以磨环凼西侧滑坡危岩体为研究对象，根据城市高层建筑定向拆除爆破的技术思路，提出一种定向拆除抛掷爆破应急排险方法，采用自下而上、由坡面向内逐孔毫秒微差爆破的方式，将滑坡危岩体定向抛掷到指定位置，以达到应急排险治理和方便采装运输的目的。考虑现场排险试验的不可逆性，采用离散元方法，建立等比例矿山危岩体爆破动力分析模型，利用炸点颗粒膨胀法模拟爆破作用，设置无反射边界，并对最终爆破排险效果进行分析，以提前验证该方法的可靠性。结果表明：以50 ms的起爆时差，由740 m—760 m—780 m平台、自坡面向内依次起爆时，大块率小，无根底，可将滑坡危岩体全部清除；危岩体最远抛掷距离为186 m，符合《爆破安全规程》（GB 6722—2014）的飞石安全距离规定，最大爆堆高度为22 m，主要堆积在坡脚685 m平台，可实现危岩体的安全快速采装运输。研究成果为该类“摇摇欲坠”的滑坡危岩体的安全快速治理提供了一种新的方法，具有一定的工程应用价值。

Directional Demolition of Mine Landslide Dangerous Rock Mass Emergency Removal Method by Throwing Blasting

Mine landslide-hazardous rock mass is prone to secondary landslide disasters under extreme conditions.How to realize emergency risk elimination and the safety and effectiveness verification of risk elimination methods has always been a practical problem that plagues mining enterprises.Taking the landslide dangerous rock mass on the west side of Mohuandang as the research object,according to the technical idea of directional demolition and blasting of urban high-rise buildings,a directional demolition throwing blasting emergency elimination method is proposed.Using the method of bottom-up and inward-by-hole millisecond differential blasting,the landslide dangerous rock mass is directionally thrown to the designated position,in so as to achieve the purpose of emergency risk management and convenient procurement and transportation.Considering the irreversibility of the on-site risk elimination test,using the discrete element method,a dynamic analysis model for blasting dangerous rock mass in equal proportion mines was established,the blasting effect is simulated by the explosion point particle expansion method,set the no-reflection boundary,and analyze the final blasting hazard elimination effect,so as to verify the reliability of the method in advance.The results show that with a detonation time difference of 50 ms,when detonating sequentially from the 740 m—760 m—780 m platform and from the slope inward,the boulder yield is small,and there is no tight bottom,all landslide dangerous rock mass can be removed.The farthest throwing distance of the dangerous rock mass is 186 m,in line with the Blasting Safety Regulations (GB 6722—2014) of the flying stone safety distance regulations.The maximum blasting height is 22 m,mainly stacked on the 685 m platform at the foot of the slope,it can realize the safe and rapid mining,loading and transportation of dangerous rock mass.The research results provide a new method for the safe and rapid management of this kind of "shaky" landslide dangerous rock mass.It has certain engineering application value.