某含铷花岗岩矿石中伴生钽铌锂的综合回收试验研究

伴生资源综合利用是绿色矿山建设、节约能源的重要举措。某地花岗岩型独立铷矿中伴生钽、铌、锂金属，为实现该铷矿的资源化利用，对钽、铌、锂进行了详细的综合回收试验研究。矿石中Ta2O5、Nb2O5、Li2O品位分别为42.15 g/t、184.00 g/t和0.086%；钽铌赋存于铌铁矿中，锂主要赋存于铁锂云母中。确定采用磁选优先回收铌铁矿和铁锂云母—磁精矿重选回收钽铌—重选尾矿浮选回收锂的选矿工艺。试验结果表明：在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占61.81%的条件下，经弱磁选除铁—强磁选—两段摇床重选得到含11 650 g/t Ta2O5、50 400 g/t Nb2O5的钽铌精矿，钽、铌回收率分别为38.46%和38.11%，钽、铌富集比均超过270；以碳酸钠、水玻璃作为调整剂，氧化石蜡皂和十二胺作为阴阳离子组合捕收剂，对重选尾矿进行浮选富集铁锂云母，经1次粗选、1次精选、1次扫选获得Li2O品位1.837%、回收率50.84%的铁锂云母精矿。该研究实现了该矿石中伴生钽铌锂的选矿回收富集，为该类矿石的工业利用提供了借鉴。

Research Study on Comprehensive Recovery for Associated Tantalum-niobium-lithium from a Rubidium-bearing Granite Ore

Comprehensive utilization of associated resources is a critical initiative for green mine construction and energy conservation.In order to achieve the resource utilization for a rubidium-bearing granite ore with tantalum,niobium and lithium,a detailed study on comprehensive recovery experimental was carried out.The ore has Ta₂O₅ grade of 42.15 g/t，Nb₂O₅ grade of 184.00 g/t,Li₂O grade of 0.086%.Tantalum and niobium occurs in niobite,and lithium mainly occurs in zinnwaldite.The beneficiation process of magnetic separation priority recovery of niobite and zinnwaldite-gravity concentration recovery of tantalum and niobium in magnetic concentrate-floating lithium in gravity tailings was determined.The results showed that under the condition of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 61.81%,the tantalum-niobium concentrate containing 11 650 g/t Ta₂O₅、50 400 g/t Nb₂O₅ was obtained by low intensity magnetic separation iron removal,high intensity magnetic separation and two stage shaker table gravity separation.The recovery rate of tantalum and niobium were 38.46% and 38.11%,respectively,and the concentration factor were more than 270.Using sodium carbonate and sodium silicate as adjusting agents,oxidized paraffin soap and dodecylamine as cation-anion combination flotation collectors,the flotation was carried out on tailings of gravity concentration for selecting zinnwaldite.After one roughing,one cleaning and one scavenging,the zinnwaldite concentrate with Li₂O grade of 1.837% and recovery rate of 50.84% was obtained.The recovery and enrichment of associated tantalum-niobium-lithium are realized,which provides a reference for the industrial utilization of this type of ore.