数码电子雷管在高瓦斯矿井岩巷爆破掘进中的应用

传统的电雷管只有5个段别，不能满足孔内分段技术对延期时间的要求。数码电子雷管采用电子控制模块，可任意设定爆破延期时间，最小延时时间可设为1 ms，满足瓦斯巷道130 ms内完成爆破过程的要求。另外，目前煤矿岩巷深孔爆破掘进中，由于炮孔底部岩石夹制作用增大导致出现炮眼利用率低等问题。基于数码电子雷管，应用孔内分段掏槽爆破技术，将原先掏槽孔内连续装药改为分段装药，实现了分段延时起爆。将新技术方案在淮南顾北煤矿进行了现场试验。结果表明：基于数码电子雷管，应用孔内分段技术，对比原方案单循环进尺提高了约0.7 m，炮孔利用率提高了约10%，平均块度减少了15%左右，且断面完整没有明显大块，为下一循环提供了良好条件。预估月进尺可由65 m提升至100 m，总体上提高了巷道掘进效率。作为数码电子雷管在井下岩巷掘进的先行试验，在高瓦斯情况下数码电子雷管仍可正常使用，可为今后类似岩巷的爆破掘进施工提供借鉴。

Application of Digital Electronic Detonator in Blasting Excavation of Rock Roadway in High Gas Mine

The traditional electric detonator has only five segments,which can not meet the requirement of delay time for the borehole subsection technology.Digital electronic detonator adopts electronic control module,blasting delay time can be arbitrarily set,the minimum delay time can be set to 1 ms,to meet the requirements of completing the blasting process within 130 ms of gas roadway.In addition,the utilization rate of borehole is low due to the increase of rock clip at the bottom of borehole in the deep hole blasting driving of rock roadway in coal mine.In this paper,based on digital electronic detonator,the piecewise cut blasting technology is applied to change the continuous charge in the cut hole to the piecewise charge and realize the piecewise delayed initiation.The new technology was tested in Gubei Coal Mine in Huainan.The results show that,based on digital electronic blasting cap,the single-cycle footage increases by about 0.7 m,the hole utilization rate increases by about 10%,and the average lumpiness decreases by about 15% compared with the original scheme,which provides a good condition for the next cycle.It is estimated that the monthly footage can be increased from 65 m to 100 m,which improves the tunneling efficiency on the whole.As the first test of digital electronic detonator in underground rock tunneling,digital electronic detonator can still be used normally under high gas condition,which can provide reference for similar rock tunneling blasting construction in the future.