金属矿山污染土地修复技术及实例研究

废弃金属矿山一般不可避免地造成矿山土地的污染。为探讨金属矿山污染土地修复技术，在英国康沃县Geevor废弃铜矿山进行了土地污染的程度和固定修复法、去除法、隔离法3种污染修复技术的效果试验研究。研究表明，铜污染和强酸性是该矿山土地的最主要问题。将污染土壤表层剥离的修复技术并不能达到预期的效果，用非污染的心土覆盖的修复技术可以达到修复污染的目的，但成本高且土壤中石块含量大；用工业矿物作为改良剂的修复技术，操作相对简单，且能达到修复部分污染、中和土壤酸性和加速自然植被生长的效果。

Investigation of Remediation Technology of Contaminated Land in Metal Mines

Generally, discarded metal mines will inevitably cause the contamination of mine land. To investigate the remediation technology of contaminated land in metal mines, experimental study was made on the evaluation of the land contamination degree and on the effect of three major remediation techniques, namely fixation stablization, removal and isolation, with discarded Geevor Copper Mine, Cornwall County, U.K. as the test site. The results revealed that copper pollution and strong acid were the major problems of this mine land. Removal of contamianated topsoil could not obtain the expected effect. Though covering with uncontaminated subsoil may attain the aim of remediation, the cost and the stone content in soil were high. However, the remediation technique using minerals as modifier and convenient for on site use could remove partial contaminants, buffer pH value and accelerate the growth of natural vegetation.