德国煤炭工业发展趋势

德国是世界第八大煤炭生产国、第九大煤炭消费国。目前德国的煤炭工业已逐渐步入关闭退出阶段。对1990年以来德国煤炭资源在能源系统中地位和作用、煤炭工业政策、煤炭消费与进口、煤炭生产、环保与安全等方面的发展变化趋势进行了分析研究,发现德国正在逐步取消硬煤开采补贴及关闭硬煤煤矿、淘汰褐煤电厂及退出燃煤发电、扶持采煤区转型,且煤炭生产量及进口量逐年下降,重视矿区的生态保护和土地复垦,煤矿安全生产水平一直处于世界先进水平。目前,德国煤炭及电力企业正积极寻求转型机遇,在能源转型方面也面临许多问题与挑战。

Development trend of the German coal industry

Germany is the eighth coal producing country and the ninth coal consumer of the world.The coal industry in Germany has entered the process of phase-out and exit.The development trend since 1990 in Germany from the aspects of status and function of coal resources in German energy system,coal industry policies,coal consumption and import,coal production,environment protection and work safety,etc.were analyzed.The author founded that Germany was gradually canceling hard coal mining subsidies,closing hard coal mines,phasing out lignite power plants and withdrawing from coal-fired power generation,supporting the transformation of coal mining areas,moreover,coal production and import volume were decreasing year by year,paying attention on ecological protection and land reclamation in mining areas,and the safety production level of coal mines has been at the world's advanced level.At present,German coal and power enterprises are also actively seeking opportunities for transformation,and faced with many problems and challenges in energy transformation.