复合污染与尾矿区重金属释放和迁移

通过不同选矿药剂（捕收剂、抑制剂、起泡剂）单一或复合水溶液对多金属硫化矿尾矿及酸化尾矿柱淋溶试验，研究复合污染对尾矿重金属的释放值的影响。结果表明：不同药剂类型中水溶性抑制剂对重金属释放值的作用最大；硫化矿酸化后重金属释放呈数量级加大。超过单一药剂水溶液淋溶尾矿时重金属的释放值；不同药剂水溶液依次淋溶时，复合药剂水溶液对尾矿多次淋溶时。重金属释放值在依次加大，而水与黄药水溶液淋溶时却依次减少；多种药剂复合水溶液对尾矿连续淋溶时，其重金属释放量远远大于单一药剂水溶液淋溶酸化后尾矿的释放量。说明矿山多种药剂（包括降解产物）的复合污染是尾矿坝重金属释放的主因。

Relationship of Complex Pollution to Heavy Metals Release and Migration from Floatation Tailings Dam

The effect of the complex pollution on the releasing value of heavy metals from the tailings by the column leaching experiments of the floatation railings or acidized railings with simplex or multiplex aqueous solutions of different kinds of beneficiation reagents such as collectors, inhibitors and foaming agents. The results indicate that the effect of the water-solubility inhibitors on the releasing value of heavy metal is the highest in these reagents. When the tailings are acidized, the releasing value of heavy metals is increased by the form of order of magnitude and the value is higher than the one detected in the simplex reagent aqueous solution. When tailings are leached in turn by different kinds of reagent aqueous solution, the releasing value of heavy metals becomes higher and higher in complex reagent aqueous solution, but the ones in water or xanthate aqueous solution is become lower and lower. When tailings are leached continuously by complex reagent aqueous solution, the releasing value of heavy metals is much more higher than that for acidized railings with the simplex reagent aqueous solution. It is shown that complex pollution of multi-reagents including their degradation products is the main reason that the heavy metal is released from the tailings dam.