纳米材料研究的进展

纳米材料是８０年代中期发展起来的一种新型功能材料。这一新材料及其科学技术涉及到几乎全部现有的科学和技术领域，因而引起世界各国科学界的极大关注。美国材料科学学会将其誉为“２１世纪最有前途的材料”。目前世界各国都竞相将纳米技术列为面向２１世纪的战略性基础研究的优先发展项目。本文着重介绍了纳米材料的主要性能，归纳了制备纳米材料的主要几种物理方法和化学方法，并阐述了纳米材料的应用领域及研究发展前景。

PROGRESSOF THE DEVELOPMENT OF NANOPHASE MATERIALS

Nanophase material is a novel functional material developed in the middle of 1 980 's.This new material and its science and technology have involved with nearly all the existing scientific and technical fields,which has been paid attention to by the scientific circle all over the world.American Material Science Society has reputed it as"the most promising material in the 2 1 th century."At present,countries all over the world have listed the nanophase technology as the preferential development project of the strategic,fundamental research facing the2 1 th century.In this paper,the main performances of the nanophase ma- terial have been described in emphasis,the main physical methods and chemical methods for preparing nanophase materials have been summarized,and the application fields and the re- search and development prospects have been stated.