SLM成形Al-Cu-Mg 合金的摩擦磨损性能

铝合金具有低密度、高比强度、较好的耐蚀性等优点，被广泛应用于航空、船舶和汽车等领域；选区激 光熔化成形可以一次性成形复杂零件，具有良好的应用前景。对选区激光熔化（SLM）成形的Al-Cu-Mg 合金 摩擦磨损性能进行了研究，并与成分相近的铸造ZL205A合金性能进行对比，结果表明，采用SLM工艺成形可 细化合金晶粒，改变Al2Cu 的尺寸与分布，使晶粒细小均匀。与铸造ZL205A合金相比，SLM成形Al-Cu-Mg 合金的磨损率和摩擦因数均有不同幅度的降低。SLM成形Al-Cu-Mg 合金横截面的耐磨性最好，纵截面耐磨 性次之，铸造ZL205A的耐磨性最差。SLM成形Al-Cu-Mg 合金的磨损机制随着载荷的变化而不同：低载荷时 的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主，粘着磨损和塑性挤出磨损并存；中载荷时的磨损机制为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损并伴 随氧化磨损；高载荷时的磨损机制主要为剥层磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损的综合作用。

Study on the friction and wear properties of selective laser melted Al-Cu-Mg alloy

Aluminum alloys, which have the advantages of low density, high specific strength, and good corrosion resistance, are widely used in aviation, shipbuilding, automobiles, and other fields. Selective laser melting forming (SLM) is a promising technology that can fabricate complex parts at one time. In this study, the friction and wear properties of Al-Cu-Mg alloy fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) were studied and compared with those of a cast ZL205A alloy with a similar composition. The results show that the SLM process can refine the alloy grains, change the size and distribution of Al2Cu, and make the grains smaller and more uniform. Compared with the cast ZL205A alloy, the wear rate and friction coefficient of the SLM-fabricated Al-Cu-Mg alloy decreased in varying degrees. SLM-fabricated Al-Cu-Mg alloy has the best wear resistance in cross section, followed by longitudinal section, and cast ZL205A has the worst wear resistance. The wear mechanisms of SLM-fabricated Al-Cu-Mg alloy are different under varying loads: the wear mechanisms at low load are mainly abrasive, and a little adhesive and plastic extrusion wear; the wear mechanisms under medium load are abrasive, adhesive and oxidation wear; the wear mechanisms under high load are mainly a combination of delamination, adhesive and oxidation wear.