羟基磷灰石复合材料对地下水中铀吸附去除研究进展

铀矿山尾矿库周边地下水在铀矿的风化、淋滤、渗漏等作用下,给地下水和人类带来长期的健康隐患。可渗透反应墙(PRB)作为一种原位修复技术,具有无动力运行、环境影响小和成本低等优点,已经在地下水污染修复中得到了应用。羟基磷灰石(HAP)因具有成本低、原料广泛、生物相容性等优点,成为去除地下水中铀废水的最具潜力介质材料。综述了羟基磷灰石在处理含铀废水中的影响因素,主要包括羟基磷灰石制备方法、改性方法,对含铀废水去除影响研究。并对羟基磷灰石除铀进行机理分析,包括羟基磷灰石形貌、铀溶液pH、共存阴离子等对铀的去除影响。羟基磷灰石(HAP)因具有成本低、原料广泛、生物相容性等优点,成为去除地下水铀的最具潜力介质材料。

Progress of Hydroxyapatite Composites for Adsorption and Removal of Uranium from Groundwater

Groundwater around uranium mine tailings ponds has posed long-term health hazards to environmental groundwater and humans through weathering, leaching and seepage of uranium ore. Permeable reaction barrier (PRB) has been applied in groundwater contamination remediation as an in situ remediation technology with advantages of powerless operation, low environmental impact and low cost. Influencing factors of hydroxyapatite in treatment of uranium-containing wastewater were reviewed, mainly including study of effects of hydroxyapatite preparation methods and modification methods on removal of uranium-containing wastewater. Mechanistic analysis of hydroxyapatite uranium removal was conducted, including effects of hydroxyapatite morphology, pH value of uranium solution, and coexisting anions on uranium removal. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the most promising media material for uranium removal from groundwater because of its low cost, wide range of raw materials and biocompatibility.