缺氧空调房间富氧特性及富氧效果的模拟研究

利用实验及CFD模拟软件分别研究非空调工况下以及空调工况的送氧口个数、送氧口管径、送氧流量及送氧方式、不同的气流组织形式(同侧上送下回、异侧上送下回)等发生变化对密闭建筑缺氧房间的富氧特性及富氧效果的影响. 结果表明: 非空调工况下, 送氧口个数、送氧口管径、送氧流量及送氧方式不同, 所形成的富氧区域差别较大, 宜采用管径为6 mm的相背45°的双送氧口进行送氧, 所形成的富氧面积为最大; 空调工况下, 送氧口个数、送氧口管径、送氧流量及气流组织形式不同, 所形成的富氧区域形状大体相似, 均为"椭圆"形状, 宜采用送氧口管径为6 mm的单送氧口且异侧上送下回的气流组织形式; 空调工况下, 送氧流量相同时, 送风风速为0.85 m·s-1所形成的富氧面积比送风风速为1 m·s-1所形成的富氧面积大约20%;当送风风速均为0.85 m·s-1, 送氧流量为1.5 m3·h-1所形成的富氧面积约为0.96 m2, 该富氧面积与单人次活动范围面积相当, 适宜作为空调工况下缺氧房间单人次的富氧基础供氧量. 模拟结果可为缺氧空调房间供氧装置的选择、布置、降低新风量、降低空调能耗等方面提供参考. 

Simulation of oxygen enrichment characteristics and effect in hypoxia air-conditioning room

Experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were used to analyze the effects of the number and the diameter of oxygen supply ports, the flow rate and the mode of oxygen supply, and different modes of air flow (up-inlet and down-outlet on the same side, or on the different side) on the indoor oxygen enrichment characteristics and the effect of anoxic conditions in a closed buildings with or without air conditioning. Without air conditioning, the number and the diameter of oxygen supply ports, the flow rate and mode of oxygen supply, and formed oxygen-enriched regions are quite different. Using a double-45°-opposite oxygen supply ports with a diameter of 6 mm is advisable. Under the air conditioning condition, the number and the diameter of oxygen supply ports, the flow rate of oxygen supply, and the modes of air flow are different too. The formed oxygen-enriched area are all generally elliptical. It is advisable to use a single oxygen supply port with a diameter of 6 mm and an air flow mode of up-inlet and down-outlet on the different side. When the flow rate of the oxygen supply is the same, the oxygen-enriched area are formed by the wind speed of 0.85 m·s-1 is approximately 20% larger than that formed by the 1 m·s-1 wind speed. When the air supply wind speed is 0.85 m·s-1 and the oxygen supply flow rate is 1.5 m3·h-1, the oxygen-enriched area is approximately 0.96 m2, which is consistent with the area of the single-person activity. It is suitable as the basic oxygen-enriched supply for the single-person under air conditioning conditions where are lack of oxygen.