锡或锑在无取向电工钢中的研究进展

近年来,在节能减排背景之下,国内外众多研究者对无取向电工钢磁性能的提升做了大量研究。为了探索无取向电工钢磁性能提升的方法,对锡或锑对无取向电工钢磁性能的作用机制(晶粒尺寸和晶体织构的控制)进行分析。基于该作用机制,介绍锡或锑的添加对无取向电工钢磁性能的影响。经研究发现,适量的锡或锑在晶界偏聚,不会阻碍晶界的移动并且致使晶粒尺寸降低;与此同时,锡或锑在晶界偏聚不仅抑制{111}织构在原始晶界处形核及生长,还降低(100)晶粒表面能,促进(100)晶粒生长。因此,适量添加锡或锑,可使无取向电工钢铁损下降、磁感提升。最后结合生产工艺,建议无取向电工钢的研究方向应为稀土含量对高牌号无取向硅钢夹杂物尺寸和数量分布的影响,锡或锑的添加量和常化工艺参数(常化时间、常化温度)对常化晶粒尺寸的影响。

Research progress of tin or antimony in non-oriented electrical steel

In recent years, due to the background of energy saving and emission reduction, numerous researchers all around the world have done a lot of investigations on the improvement of magnetic properties for non-oriented electrical steel. In order to explore the method of improving the magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel, the mechanism of tin or antimony on the magnetic properties (the control of grain size and crystallographic texture) of non-oriented electrical steel is illuminated. Based on this mechanism, the effect of tin or antimony addition on magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel is introduced. It is found that an appropriate amount of tin or antimony will not hinder the movement of grain boundary and reduce the grain size. Meanwhile, the segregation of tin or antimony at the grain boundary not only inhibits the nucleation and growth of {111} texture at the original grain boundary, but also lowers the (100) grain surface energy and promots the growth of (100) grain. Therefore, an appropriate amount of tin or antimony can reduce the core loss of non-oriented electrical steel and improve the magnetic induction. Finally, considering the production process, some suggestions on the research direction of non-oriented electrical steel are put forward, which are the effect of rare earth content on the size and quantity distribution of inclusions in high grade non-oriented silicon steels, and the effect of tin or antimony addition and normalization process parameters (normalization time, normalization temperature) on normalized band grain size.