地聚合物混凝土配比及力学性能研究

混凝土是巷道支护过程中的重要建筑材料，然而混凝土在巷道施工中常常出现质量问题，为了不影响正常生产，需要对其进行修补。地聚合物混凝土凝结时间快，早期强度高，界面结合能力强，耐高温性和抗冻性强，耐腐蚀性良好，具有用作修补材料的潜力。以粉煤灰和矿粉为原料，Na₂SiO₃溶液和NaOH为碱激发剂制备地聚合物胶砂，研究不同的碱激发剂模数（1.0、1.2、1.4）和掺量（10%、15%、20%）对不同龄期胶砂力学性能的影响。结果表明：当碱激发剂模数为1.2，碱掺量为15%时，胶砂强度达到最大值。设计正交试验，研究了不同水胶比（0.45、0.50、0.55）、粉煤灰掺量（30%、50%、70%）和砂率（30%、35%、40%）对不同龄期地聚合物混凝土的工作性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：粉煤灰掺量对抗压强度影响最为显著，水胶比次之，而砂率对强度发展几乎没有影响。最优的配合比为水胶比为0.50，粉煤灰掺量为50%，砂率为35%。

Study on Proportion and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete

Concrete is an important building material in roadway support，but there are often quality problems in roadway construction，such as honeycomb surface，cracks，holes and large area damage，which need to be repaired in order not to affect the normal production.Geopolymer concrete has the characteristics of fast setting time，high early strength，strong interface bonding ability，low permeability，high temperature resistance，frost resistance，corrosion resistance，excellent durability and low energy consumption，low pollution and low cost in the preparation process，and has the potential to be used as concrete repair materials.At present，there is no consensus on the proportion design of geopolymer concrete.The fly ash and slag were activated using sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide as alkalin-activator solution for the preparation of geopolymer mortar.The effects of different alkali-activator modulus （1.0，1.2，1.4） and content （10%，15%，20%） on the mechanical properties of mortar at different ages （3 d，7 d，28 d） were studied.The results show that the modulus and content of alkali-activator have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of geopolymers.Too large or too small alkali-activator modulus and content are not conducive to the strength development of geopolymer mortar.When the ratio of fly ash to slag is 1∶1，the modulus of water glass is 1.2，the content of alkali is 15%，the flexural and compressive strength of geopolymer mortar reaches the best value.The 28 d flexural strength is 7.6 MPa，the 28 d compressive strength is 72.3 MPa.In order to further explore the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete with different mix ratios，the orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels was designed to study the effects of different water-binder ratio （0.45，0.50，0.55），fly ash content （30%，50%，70%） and sand ratio （30%，35%，40%） on the workability and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete at different ages （7 d，28 d）.Taking the compressive strength as the evaluation index，the results show that fly ash content has the most significant effect on compressive strength，followed by water-binder ratio，and sand ratio has almost no effect on strength development.The results of variance analysis of 7 d and 28 d show that the content of fly ash has a highly significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete，the water-binder ratio has a significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete，but the sand ratio has no significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete.Considering the workability and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete，combined with the results of microstructure analysis，geopolymer concrete with water-binder ratio of 0.50 and fly ash content of 50% is a promising rapid repair material.