铝电解槽电磁流强耦合仿真及其在新型阴极上的应用

已在工业应用的各新型阴极结构铝电解槽的电磁流场行为仍未完全明晰.论文首先在ANSYS平台上建立铝电解槽瞬态三维三相磁流体模型，并应用该模型对采用3种新型阴极结构的某420 kA槽开展电磁流场强耦合计算.结果表明，相较于普通阴极，3种新型阴极方案均可使槽内铝液、电解质流速下降，其中，凸台型阴极对应的电解质流速降幅较大，不利于氧化铝颗粒的熔解和扩散；在降低铝液-电解质界面波动方面，3种方案均有一定程度的效果，凸台型结构可使得界面大变形面积减小；此外，在电流效率上，应用凸台型阴极结构将使电流效率略微降低.该模型可为大型铝电解槽结构方案的选型提供基础工具. 

Simulation of strong coupling electromagnetic current in aluminum reduction cells and its application in new cathodes

Though various new cathodic structures of aluminum reduction cells have been applied in industry, their electro-magneto-flow is still not completely clear. In this paper, a transient 3 D three-phase MHD model in aluminum reduction cells was established on ANSYS platform, and then was utilized to calculate the strong coupling of electro-magneto-flow in some 420 kA cells with three kinds of new cathodic structures. The results show that compared with common cathode, three new cathodic schemes can decrease the flow rate of aluminum liquid and electrolyte in the cells. The flow rate of electrolyte in the case of boss-type cathode declines significantly, which is not conducive to the melting and dispersion of alumina particle. In the reduction of aluminum liquid and electrolyte interface fluctuation, the above-mentioned three schemes all have certain effects. The boss-type structure can reduce the interfacial regions with large deformation. In addition, such structure will slightly decrease current efficiency. This model can provide a basic tool for choosing structure scheme of large aluminum reduction cells.