黄河综合治理思考

黄河干支流已建的大量水库、电站、引水工程及大面积水土保持措施等,极大地改变了进入河道的水沙过程,引起了河道淤积萎缩。黄河宁蒙河段的治理主要是缩窄河槽、稳定流路,以提高中枯水河槽的挟沙能力,治河措施可兼顾保水作用。黄河龙潼河段的滩地堆沙和控导河势等综合治理须与古贤水库的规划设计紧密结合。黄河下游河道整治的基本要求是保持河道的纵向输沙平衡和平面上的河势稳定,根据水沙减少的情况修订规划,沿程整治河宽应随比降的减小而减小。干支流水库的调水调沙运用须与河道整治相互配合,才能更有效地发挥冲深河槽、稳定流路、输沙入海的作用。考虑到黄河流域下垫面的变化及水库的调节作用,建议利用过去的降水资料重新推算产生的径流,以修正水沙系列和洪水频率。

Ponder over Integrated Management of the Yellow River

Large numbers of existing reservoirs,hydraulic power plants and diversion works built on the tributaries and the main Yellow River and soil and water conservation measures in large area have greatly changed the process of silt and discharge of the channel,causing the channel sedimentation and atrophy.The main river training of Ning-Meng reach is to narrow the channel and stabilize flow path for increasing sediment carrying capacity of moderate and low-flow channels.River harnessing measures can take water c...