气候变化对黄河源区径流过程的影响

本文应用WEPL模型分析了气温和降水变化对黄河源区年、月径流过程的影响。采用唐乃亥水文站1956～2000年的径流观测系列，对 WEP-L模型进行了率定和验证。在模型验证效果较好的墓础上，设定了气温和降水变化的8个情景方案(对历史观测气象数据资料假定气温变化±1、±2℃，降水量变化±10％、±20％)，进行了模拟和对比分析。结果表明，年径流量和年内各月径流量对气温变化的响应情况不同。气温增高会引起年径流量减少，每年5～10月径流由于蒸发增大而有较明显的减少，但每年11月至次年4月径流受积雪融雪及冻土入渗

Impact of climate change on runoff process in headwater area of the Yellow River

The impact of temperature and precipitation changes on annual and monthly runoff process in headwater area of the Yellow River was analyzed by using WEP L model. The model was calibrated and verified by the 45 years observed meteorological data obtained from the Tannaihai Hydrological Station. On this basis, the simul ation of 8 climate change scenarios was carried out. The results indicate that the increase of atmospheric temperature causes the decrease of annual runoff, the runoff significantly reduced from May to October due to the increase of evaporation but it will increase from November to April of next year because of the melting of snow and the change of infiltration characteristics caused by frozen. The variation of precipitation may directly affect the change of runoff, but the variation rate of runoff is larger than the change rate of precipitation.