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草被覆盖下坡面—沟坡系统坡面流阻力变化特征试验研究
引用本文:李勉,姚文艺,陈江南,丁文峰.草被覆盖下坡面—沟坡系统坡面流阻力变化特征试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(1):112-119.
作者姓名:李勉  姚文艺  陈江南  丁文峰
作者单位:1. 黄河水利科学研究院,水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,河南,郑州,450003
2. 长江科学院,湖北,武汉,430010
基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会-水利部黄河水利委员会联合资助项目
摘    要:本项研究旨在通过室内放水冲刷试验,揭示坡面—沟坡系统坡面不同草被覆盖面积比、不同空间配置、不同放水流量下坡面阻力的变化过程及特征。试验共涉及坡面—沟坡系统坡面5种草被覆盖面积比、3种空间配置和2种放水冲刷流量。结果表明:坡面—沟坡系统坡面流各段面平均曼宁糙率系数和平均阻力系数与放水流量关系密切,随流量的增大在有草被覆盖断面两系数呈减小趋势,在无草被覆盖断面呈增大趋势。有草覆盖面积大小对阻力影响较大,随面积比的增加阻力系数增大;坡面流阻力在整个坡面—沟坡系统中沿流程增加而下降。在有草覆盖条件下各断面径流平均曼宁糙率系数和平均阻力系数均呈增加趋势,无草坡面则变化不大。因此可得出结论认为草被覆盖和坡度对坡面流阻力大小起着决定性的影响。

关 键 词:坡面-沟坡系统  草被覆盖  坡面流  阻力特性  冲刷试验
文章编号:0559-9350(2007)01-0112-08
收稿时间:2005-11-25
修稿时间:11 25 2005 12:00AM

Experimental study on runoff resistance of hilly slope gullied surface with grass coverage
LI Mian.Experimental study on runoff resistance of hilly slope gullied surface with grass coverage[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,38(1):112-119.
Authors:LI Mian
Affiliation:Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Abstract:Grass coverage has great influence on the variation of overland flow resistance. The experiment on revealing the changeable process and characteristics of overland flow resistance for different percentages of grass coverage by area, different spatial distributions of grass on the slope and different water inflow rates in the hilly slope-gullied surface was carried out in laboratory. In the experiment five grass coverage percentages by area, three spatial distributions of grass and two water inflow rates were used. The results showed that the mean Manning roughness coefficient and mean Darcy-Weisbach hydraulic friction factor have close relationship with the flow rate. The coefficients decrease following the increase of flow rate if the slope surface covered with grass, but they increase in case the surface without grass coverage. The coverage ratio may significantly affect the friction and the flow friction reduces along the flow path. Under the condition of having grass coverage both the cross sectional Manning coefficient and mean friction coefficient tend to increase, whereas, they vary only a little on the slope surface with grass coverage. It may conclude that the grass coverage and slope have significant influence on runoff resistance of hilly slope-gullied surface.
Keywords:hilly slope-gullied surface  grass coverage  overland flow  resistance characteristics  erosion  experimental study
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