水稻灌区基于多过程耦合的分布式水转化模型

水稻灌区灌溉-排水过程频繁，定量表征灌区水转化过程对于灌区水资源管理具有重要的意义。针对水稻灌区供-耗-排过程的时空复杂性以及灌区水转化对地下水补排过程的影响，本研究建立了灌区尺度基于灌排过程-农田土壤水分运动与作物生长过程-地下水运动过程耦合的分布式水转化模型，实现了对灌区的供-耗-排动态过程的定量表征。采用黑龙江省和平灌区水稻生长指标、灌区蒸散发量、地下水位变化以及排水沟流量等数据对模型进行了率定验证，结果表明模型具有较高精度。相对于传统灌区水转化模拟方法，该模型有效表征了灌区水转化所涉及的灌排过程、土壤水及地下水运动过程、作物生长过程的时空动态耦合，实现了灌区水转化的分布式动态模拟。同时，模型所需参数较少，避免了以往灌区水转化过程计算复杂的难点。该模型为水稻灌区多环节水转化过程模拟及用水效率评估提供了重要方法。

Distributed water transformation model based on multi-process coupling in rice irrigation area

Due to the frequent process of irrigation-drainage in rice irrigation areas, quantitative characterization of water conversion process in the irrigated area is of significant to water resources management in irrigation areas. This study fully considers the temporal and spatial complexity of the supply-consumption-discharge process in the rice irrigation area and the impact of water transformation on the process of groundwater replenishment and drainage. The model was calibrated and verified using data such as rice growth indicators, evapotranspiration, groundwater level, and drainage ditch discharge in Heping Irrigation District of Heilongjiang Province. The results show that the model has high accuracy. Compared with the traditional simulation method of water conversion, this model realizes the distributed simulation of water conversion and crop growth processes through the coupling of the physical process of water conversion in irrigation district. At the same time, the model has fewer parameters and avoids the complicated calculation of the water conversion process in the irrigation area. This model provides an important method for the simulation of multi-stage water conversion process and water efficiency evaluation in rice irrigation areas.